1937 Marihuana Tax Act

Cannabis political parties

Cannabis use disorders

Emerald Triangle

Fitz Hugh Ludlow (“The Hasheesh Eater”Log in to see images!

Global Marijuana March

Head shop

International Opium Convention

Intravenous Marijuana Syndrome

Legality of cannabis by country

List of cannabis strains

Marc Emery

Marijuana Policy Project

National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws

Proposition 215

Hemp

Hemp oil

THC

References

^ Compact Oxford Ditctionary definition

^ The Oxford English Dictionary. Any of various preparations of different parts of the hemp-plant which are smoked, chewed, sniffed or drunk for their intoxicating or hallucinogenic properties and were formerly used medicinally; bhang (marijuana), ganja, and charas (hashish) are different forms of these preparations.” It is also notes that “cannabis” was elliptical reference (i.e. slang) for Cannabis sativa.

^ Matthew J. Atha – Independent Drug Monitoring Unit. Types of Cannabis Available in the UK. Retrieved on 2007-09-13.

^ a b Rudgley, Richard (1999). in Touchstone: The Lost Civilizations of the Stone Age. ISBN 0-6848-5580-1.

^ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2006), “Cannabis: Why we should care”, World Drug Report 1, ISBN 9-2114-8214-3, <http://www.unodc.org/pdf/WDR_2006/wdr2006_chap2_biggest_market.pdf>. Retrieved on 10 October 2006 p.14

^ Raetsch, Christian. Enzyklopedie der Psychoaktiven Pflanzen

^ Marijuana- Definitions from Dictionary.com. dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved on 2008-06-23.

^ Zijlma, Anouk. Smoking hashish in Morocco. About.com. Retrieved on 2007-02-27.

^ Hashish – Definitions from Dictionary.com. dictionary.reference.com. Retrieved on 2008-06-23.

^ Air Temperature Table. Retrieved on 2007-09-22.. Volcanotm Operating Manual. Storz & Bickel, Tuttlingen, Germany.

^ 1989. The Merck Index, 11th ed., Merck & Co., Rahway, New Jersey

^ Template:Cite journal)).

^ Gieringer, Dale. Marijuana Water Pipe and Vaporizer Study. Retrieved on 2006-04-21.

^ Paulo Borini; Romeu Cardoso Guimarães; Sabrina Bicalho Borini (May 2004). “Possible hepatotoxicity of chronic marijuana usage”. Sao Paulo Medical Journal 122 (3). doi:10.1590/S1516-31802004000300007. Retrieved on 2006-05-02.

^ Akinde Omotayo. The Medical Applications of Cannabinoids. Borough of Manhattan Community College. Retrieved on 2006-09-15.

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^ Miller, Ga (1911), “Encyclopædia Britannica”, Science (New York, N.Y.) 34 (883): 761–762, PMID 17759460, doi:10.1126/science.34.883.761, <http://57.1911encyclopedia.org/H/HE/HEMP.htm>. Retrieved on 15 June 2006

^ Rudgley, Richard (1998). in Little, Brown and Company: The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Substances. Retrieved on 2007-02-25.

^ Franck, Mel (1997). Marijuana Grower’s Guide. Red Eye Press. ISBN 0-9293-4903-2. p.3

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^ Cunliffe, Barry W. (2001). The Oxford Illustrated History of Prehistoric Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-1928-5441-0. p.405

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^ Cannabis linked to Biblical healing. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.

^ Ibn Taymiyya. Le haschich et l’extase. ISBN 2-8416-1174-4.

^ <references/http://www.mpp.org/news/low-dose-pot-eases-pain-while.html>

^ Cannabidiol Dramatically Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth, Study Says. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.

^ Meyer, Robert J.. [http://www.fda.gov/ola/2004/marijuana0401.html Testimony before the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy, and Human Resources, Committee on Government Reform]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved on 2007-09-15.

^ Cannabis lifts Alzheimer appetite. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-09-15.

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^ Merritt JC, Crawford WJ, Alexander PC, et al. (1980). “Effect of marihuana on intraocular and blood pressure in glaucoma”. Ophthalmol (87): 222–8. ISSN 0007-1161.

^ “Factors bumociated with age-related macular degeneration” (1988). Am J Epidemiol (128): 700–10.

^ Porcella A, Maxia C, Gessa GL, Pani L. (2001). “The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55212-2 decreases the intraocular pressure in human glaucoma resistant to conventional therapies”. Eur J Neurosci 13 (13): 409–12. doi:10.1046/j.0953-816X.2000.01401.x.

^ Blanchard Randall (1992), Medical Use of Marijuana: Policy and Regulatory Issues, Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service

^ Review of Therapeutic Effects. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.

^ a b K.R. Muller, U. Schneider, H. Kolbe, H.M. Emrich (1999). “Treatment of Tourette’s Syndrome With Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol”. American Journal of Psychiatry 156 (3). Retrieved on 2007-09-15.

^ K.R. Muller, U. Schneider, A. Koblenz, M. Jöbges, H. Kolbe, T. Daldrup, H.M. Emrich (2002). “Treatment of Tourette’s Syndrome with Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): A Randomized Crossover Trial”. Pharmacopsychiatry 35 (2): 57. doi:10.1055/s-2002-25028. Retrieved on 2007-09-15.

^ R. Sandyk, G. Awerbuch (1988). “Marijuana and Tourette’s Syndrome”. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 8 (6): 444. doi:10.1097/00004714-198812000-00021. Retrieved on 2007-09-15.

^ Ramíirez, B. G., C. Blázquez, T. Gómez del Pulgar, M. Guzmán, and M. L. de Ceballos (2005). “Prevention of Alzheimer’s disease pathology by cannabinoids: neuroprotection mediated by blockade of microglial activation”. Journal of Neuroscience 25 (8^): 1904–1913. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4540-04.2005. PMID 15728830. Retrieved on 2007-02-27.

^ Steffens, S.,Veillard, N.R., et al.. “Low dose oral cannabinoid therapy reduces progression of atherosclerosis in mice”. Nature 474 (7034): 782–786.

^ Randall, Blanchard (1992). Medical use of marijuana policy and regulatory issues. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. OCLC 29975643.

^ Koch, W. (2005-06-23). Spray alternative to pot on the market in Canada. USA Today. Retrieved on 2007-02-27.

^ Marijuana sold in U.S. stronger than ever. MSNBC. Retrieved on 2007-09-21.

^ World Drug Report 2006. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved on 2008-02-25. Ch. 2.3

^ BBC: Cannabis laws to be strengthened.May 2008 20:55 UK

^ Tj. T. Mensinga et al., A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study on the pharmacokinetics and effects of cannabis, RIVM, <http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/267002002.pdf>. Retrieved on 21 September 2007

^ Curran H.V., et al. (2002). Cognitive and subjective dose-response effects. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved on 2007-09-21.

^ http://www.marijuanalibrary.org/brain2.txt

^ “Cannabis smoke ‘has more toxins’”, BBC, 2007-12-19.

^ “Study Finds No Link Between Marijuana Use And Lung Cancer”, Science Daily, 2006-05-26.

^ “Study Finds No Cancer-Marijuana Connection”, Washington Post, [2006-5-26].

^ “Marijuana compound may stop spread of breast”, Fox News, 2007-11-19.

^ http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080123104017.htm |publisher=Science Daily |date=2008-01-27 |title=Marijuana Smokers Face Rapid Lung Destruction — As Much As 20 Years Ahead Of Tobacco Smokers}}

^ Bullous Lung Disease

^ [1]

^ PII: S0140-6736(98)05021-1

^ “Cannabis study finds gene linked to psychosis”.

^ “Heavy pot smoking could raise risk of heart attack, stroke”, CBC.

^ “Long-term marijuana use linked to brain abnormalities”, CBC.

^ “Cannabis could increase risk of psychotic illness later in life by 40%”, The Lancet.

^ [http://www.bmj.com/cgi/rapidpdf/bmj.38267.664086.63v1?ehom Prospective cohort study of cannabis use, predisposition for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms in young people]. BMJ.

^ “Marijuana may increase psychosis risk”, CTV.

^ Microbiological contaminants of marijuana. www.hempfood.com. Retrieved on 2008-06-22.

^ RAND study casts doubt on claims that marijuana acts as “gateway” to the use of cocaine and heroin. RAND Corporation (2002-12-02). Retrieved on 2007-02-27.

^ Is cannabis a gateway drug? Testing hypotheses about the relationship between cannabis use and the use of other illicit drugs – UQ eSpace. espace.library.uq.edu.au. Retrieved on 2008-06-19.

^ Saitz, Richard (2003-02-18). Is marijuana a gateway drug?. Journal Watch. Retrieved on 2007-02-27.

^ Degenhardt, Louisa et al (2007). Who are the new amphetamine users? A 10-year prospective study of young Australians. Retrieved on 2007-09-22.

^ Cannabis linked to use of amphetamines. ABC News Australia (2007-07-18). Retrieved on 2007-09-22.

^ Morral AR, McCaffrey DF, Paddock SM (2002). “Rebumessing the marijuana gateway effect”. Addiction 97 (12): 1493–504. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00280.x. PMID 12472629.

^ Marijuana Policy Project- FAQ. Retrieved on 2006-12-24.

^ Torabi MR, Bailey WJ, Majd-Jabbari M (1993). “Cigarette smoking as a predictor of alcohol and other drug use by children and adolescents: evidence of the “gateway drug effect””. The Journal of school health 63 (7): 302–6. PMID 8246462.

^ Ellgren, Maria (2007). Neurobiological effects of early life cannabis exposure in relation to the gateway hypothesis. Karolinska Institutet. Retrieved on 2007-09-22.

^ Nutt D, King LA, Saulsbury W, Blakemore C (2007). “Development of a rational scale to bumess the harm of drugs of potential misuse”. Lancet 369 (9566): 1047–53. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60464-4. PMID 17382831.

^ EMCDDA Annual report 2006: the state of the drugs problem in Europe, ch. 8

^ McKim, William A (2002). Drugs and Behavior: An Introduction to Behavioral Pharmacology (5th Edition). Prentice Hall, 400. ISBN 0-13-048118-1.

^ Information on Drugs of Abuse. Commonly Abused Drug Chart. Retrieved on July 15, 2007.

^ Stafford, Peter (1992). Psychedelics Encyclopedia. ISBN 0914171518.

^ Joseph Owens. Dread, The Rastafarians of Jamaica. ISBN 0-4359-8650-3.

^ The Ethiopian Zion Coptic Church. Marijuana and the Bible. Schaffer Library of Drug Policy. Retrieved on 2007-09-13.

^ Zion Light Ministry. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.

^ Chris Bennett, Lynn & Osburn, Judy Osburn (1938). Green Gold: the Tree of LifeMarijuana in Magic & Religion. Access Unlimited, 418. ISBN 0-9629-8722-0.

^ The Hawai’i Cannabis Ministry. Retrieved on 2007-09-13.

^ Cantheism. Retrieved on 2007-09-13.

^ Cannabis bumembly. Retrieved on 2007-09-13.

^ a b Alexander male reproductive organburn; Jeffrey St. Clair (1998). Whiteout: The CIA, Drugs and the Press. Verso, 117-118. ISBN 1859841392.

[4] Marijuana Tax Act of 1937

Further reading

Howard Markel. “For Addicts, Relief May Be an Office Visit Away”, New York Times, 2002-10-27.

Louise Arsenault, Mary Cannon, Richie Poulton, Robin Murray, Avshalom Caspi, and Terrie E. Moffitt (2002). “Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longtudinal prospective study”. British Medical Journal 325: 1212 – 1213. doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1212. PMID 12446537.

Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Mary Cannon, Joseph McClay, Robin Murray, HonaLee Harrington, Alan Taylor, Louise Arsenault, Ben Williams, Antony Braithwaite, Richie Poulton, and Ian W. Craig (2005). “Moderation of the effect of adult-onset cannabis use on adult psychosis by a functional polymorphism in the Catchol-O-Methyltransferase gene: Longitudinal evidence of a gene X environment interaction”. Biol Psychiatry 25: 1117 – 1127.

Henderson, Mark. “One in four at risk of cannabis psychosis”, The Times, 2005-04-12.

Bruce Mirken and Neel Makwana (Aston Birmingham): “Psychosis, Hype And Baloney”, AlterNet, 2005-03-07.

James Huff and Po Chan (October 2000). “Antitumor Effects of THC”. Environmental Health Perspectives 108 (10): Correspondence. PMID 11097557.

Booth, Martin (2005). Cannabis: A History. ISBN 0-312-32220-8.

Long term impact of Cannabis use of 16 year olds “Long-term impact of the Gatehouse Project on Cannabis use of 16-year-olds in Australia. (Research Papers)”, journal of school health, 2004-01-01.