Serpula lacrymans

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Serpula lacrymans

Scientific clbumification

Kingdom: Fungi

Division: Basidiomycota

Clbum: Basidiomycetes

Order: Boletales

Family: Coniophoraceae

Genus: Serpula

Species: S. lacrymans

Binomial name

Serpula lacrymans

(Wulfen) J. Schröt. (1885)

The damaged wall with fruit bodies

Serpula lacrymans is one of the fungi that are responsible for dry rot. It is a basidiomycete in the order Boletales.

Contents

[hide]

* 1 Nomenclature

* 2 Environment

* 3 Distribution

* 4 Impact on structures

* 5 References

* 6 External links

Nomenclature

In taxonomical science the first mention of the synonyms Merulius lacrymans was in 1720 by Boerhaave. The first rigorous description of Serpula lacrymans in its fruit bodies was done by Acgreat times in 1827. The growth cycle of Serpula lacrymans is extremely complex and can only be seen under a microscope.

Environment

Serpula lacrymans has a preference for temperatures of 21 to 22 degrees Celsius but can survive any temperature from 3 to 26 degrees Celsius. It is not clear how much light is needed to promote Serpula lacrymans growth. In terms of aeration Serpula lacrymans often grows near ventilation shafts which shows a preference for concentrated oxygen. A moisture content of 30 to 40 percent is its ideal level in wood to promote fruit-body formation.[1]

Distribution

Although it is a common indoor biodeterioration agent, it has only been found in a few natural enviroments, the Himalayas[2][3], Northern California[4][5], the Czech Republic[6] and east Asia.[7] A recent study on the evolutionary origin and spread of this species using genetic markers (amplified fragment length polymorphisms, DNA sequences and microsatellites) on a worldwide sample of specimens suggested the existence of two main lineages, a nonaggressive lineage found in North America, and an aggressive lineage found on all continents, both in natural environments and buildings.[8]

Impact on structures

Serpula lacrymans is considered to be the most damaging destroyer of indoor wood construction materials in temperate regions.[9][10]

“In the United Kingdom alone, the estimated cost of rectifying damage caused by dry rot is at least 150 million pounds per annum.”[9]

References

1. ^ Neil Grieve. “Dry rot/Wet rot”. The Conservation Glossary. University of Dundee. http://www.trp.dundee.ac.uk/research/glossary/dryrot.html.

2. ^ Bagchee K. (1954) Merulius lacrymans (Wulf.) Fr. in India. Sydowia 8: 80–85

3. ^ White NA, Dehal-Prabhjyot K, Duncan JM. (2001) Molecular analysis of intraspecific variation between building and ‘wild’ isolates of Serpula lacrymans and their relatedness to S. himantioides. Mycological Research 105: 447–452.

4. ^ Cooke WB. (1955). Fungi of Mount Shasta (1936–51). Sydowia 9: 94–215.

5. ^ Harmsen L. (1960). Taxonomic and cultural studies on brown-spored species of the genus. Friesia 6: 233–277.

6. ^ Kotlaba F. (1992). Nalezy drevomorky domaci — Serpula lacrymans v prirode. Ceska Mykologie 46: 143–147.

7. ^ Kauserud H, Högberg N, Knudsen H, Elborne SA, Schumacher T. (2004). Molecular phylogenetics suggest a North American link between the anthropogenic dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans and its wild relative S. himantioides. Molecular Ecology 13: 3137–3146.

8. ^ Kauserud H, Svegården IB, Saetre GP, Knudsen H, Stensrud Ø, Schmidt O, Doi S, Sugiyama T, Högberg N (August 2007). “Asian origin and rapid global spread of the destructive dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans”. Mol. Ecol. 16 (16): 3350–60. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03387.x. PMID 17688538.

9. ^ a b Serpula Lacrymans Fundamental Biology and Control Strategies, edited by D.H. Jennings and A.F. Bravery, Wiley, West Sussex, 1991, ISBN 9780471930587 This book goes into far more detail than can be covered here. It is a collection of scientific papers from scientists throughout the world who have studied Serpula lacrymans. Quotes are from page 9 of the introduction in the book.

10. ^ Olaf Schmidt (2006). Wood and Tree Fungi: Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 3-540-32138-1.

External links

* Index Fungorum

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serpula_lacrymans”

Categories: Boletales

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